"I think that part of education is to expose people to different schools of thought,"
Bush said at a press conference Monday. " You're asking me whether or not people ought to be exposed to different ideas, the answer is yes."
The different ideas to which he is referring are evolution, which is already taught in public schools, and "intelligent design," which is an alternative viewpoint developed by people who just can't understand the science behind evolution and therefore reject it in favor of divine intervention. In other words, there's no way evolution could explain the many changes in life from its origin to now, so it must be the work of God.
What kills me about intelligent design are its many logical flaws, the main one being the ability to reject evolution because of its complexity but the ability to believe that there is a supernatural force able to control all of the forces of nature, from the origin of life to the movement of solar systems, a far more complex task. It is just impossible for proponents of intelligent design to believe evolution can explain how one-cell organisms became the complex creatures we are today, yet their substitute explanation proposes something much more complex, and something lacking any scientific basis. No wonder Dubya got re-elected.
One of the staple arguments of intelligent designers is that evolution is a "theory," which to them means it is just conjecture of liberals who hate God, or whatever. I've
posted on this ignorant argument before. Allow the esteemed and now late evolutionary biologist
Steven Jay Gould to explain it:
Well, evolution is a theory. It is also a fact. And facts and theories are different things, not rungs in a hierarchy of increasing certainty. Facts are the world's data. Theories are structures of ideas that explain and interpret facts. Facts do not go away when scientists debate rival theories to explain them. Einstein's theory of gravitation replaced Newton's, but apples did not suspend themselves in mid-air, pending the outcome. And humans evolved from apelike ancestors whether they did so by Darwin's proposed mechanism or by some other, yet to be discovered.
Moreover, "fact" does not mean "absolute certainty." The final proofs of logic and mathematics flow deductively from stated premises and achieve certainty only because they are not about the empirical world. Evolutionists make no claim for perpetual truth, though creationists often do (and then attack us for a style of argument that they themselves favor). In science, "fact" can only mean "confirmed to such a degree that it would be perverse to withhold provisional assent." I suppose that apples might start to rise tomorrow, but the possibility does not merit equal time in physics classrooms.
Gould points out that debate on the mechanisms of evolution do not disprove the fact that our species has evolved. Even Darwin agreed. Gould writes:
Darwin continually emphasized the difference between his two great and separate accomplishments: establishing the fact of evolution, and proposing a theory—natural selection—to explain the mechanism of evolution. He wrote in The Descent of Man: "I had two distinct objects in view; firstly, to show that species had not been separately created, and secondly, that natural selection had been the chief agent of change. . . . Hence if I have erred in . . . having exaggerated its [natural selection's] power . . . I have at least, as I hope, done good service in aiding to overthrow the dogma of separate creations."
But such concepts rarely enter the public debate, because they require too much thinking and reasoning for many people, especially those who rely on their faith as the guiding principle of life. Or, as Gould put it:
"Scientific creationism" is a self-contradictory, nonsense phrase precisely because it cannot be falsified. I can envision observations and experiments that would disprove any evolutionary theory I know, but I cannot imagine what potential data could lead creationists to abandon their beliefs. Unbeatable systems are dogma, not science.
President Bush should be aware of some
other alternative explanations to the origin of life: panspermia, in which the seeds of life came here on comets or in space dust; aliens planting DNA here; and that life travels the universe on beams of light. Those theories have as much scientific merit as intelligent design, if not more.